West of the "citadel" mound are lush farmlands watered by modern irrigation channels. A levee protecting the site from annual floods divides the irrigated land from the salt encrusted sediments surrounding the ancient site.
After surface collections, the Trench 54 area of Mound E was selected for excavations because it allowed the exposure of a large area of the earliest levels of the ancient Harappan Period city, dating to approximately 2600-2450 BC.
Mackay continues (p. 377 in Marshall 1931):
"The boss was then carefully rounded off after the groove that always runs across its centre had been roughly made by a V-shaped cut.
One of the main methods of catching fish is using casting or throw nets. The mesh size (or “eye”) is currently controlled by fisheries laws by the Punjab Province. However, mesh size will vary depending on the target species of fish.
Many broken and unfinished stone beads of carnelian (red-orange) and amazonite (blue-green) were found in the floor levels associated with the Ravi phase pits and hearths. (See also slide 119.)
A few female figurines from Harappa have a sort of "tiara" attached to the front of the fan-shaped headdress.
Approximate dimensions (W x H x D): 6.0 x 8.7 x 3.9 cm.